Door check and closer



@ Modem 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

;P. T. RUSSELL. DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

PatentedJam 25,1898.

(No Model.)

P. T.1RUSSELL.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

DOOR CHECK AND GLOSER;

Patented J \X/l-rhlesse ai I PATENT Erich.

EnEDEEIoT. RUSSELL, OF GARDNER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIcNoE. TO THE ELo N ANEAcTURme COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

1 DOORTCHECKANYDCLOSER.

srEcIrIoATI01 r forming part a Letters Patent No. 598,010, dated January25, 1898. Application filed Septemb r 12, 1896- Serial No. 605,553. (Nomodel.)

', automatically closing doors and so checking the momentum of the sameas to prevent slamming, and has relation more particularly to thatclassof .devicestypifiediby the dooroheck Letters Patent No. 528,321, grantedto Eugene I. Blount on the th day of October,

1894, to which Letters Patent reference may be had for a clearunderstanding of those features of the device shown on the accompany:ing drawings which are not hereinafter described in detail.

It is the object of the invention to provide a door-check which will notonly operate to close the doors automatically and noiselessly, but whichwill likewise holdthe doors open when they have been once swung, so asto lie at a predetermined angle relatively to the door-frame. At thepresent time whenever it is desired to keep open a door which isequipped with a door-check it is generally necessary to employ someadditional means to bear against the door, such as a wedge forced underthe lower edge of the same or a weight placed in front of it. I-Ienceldesire, as before stated, to hold the door in an open position by meanscooperating with the closing and checking devices.

To these ends my invention consists of a door closing and checkingdevice provided with means for holding the door open when it has beenswung into a predetermined position, all as I shall now proceed todescribe in detail and then set forth in the claims hereto annexed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which like characters indicate like parts orfeatures, as thecase maybe, wherever they occur.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a doorand its casing, said door being equipped with one embodiment of myinvention. Figs. 2 and 3 are plan views of the door in a closed and anopened position, respectively.- Fig. 4 is an enlarged end elevation ofthe device chosen for the purpose of illustrating my invention. Fig. 5is an enlarged section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2 of the lower portion ofthe door closing and checking device equipped with my invention. Fig. 57is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is an enlarged horizontalsection through the fluid cylinder, taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1.Fig. 7 is a similar section illustrating the parts as being in aposition to hold the door open. Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinalsection showing a slightly-different embodiment of my invention. Fig. 9is asection on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8. The device which isshown on thedrawings and which I am about to describe is merely one embodiment of myinvention, and it will be understood that I am in no wise limited to thedetails of construction thereof, since the invention may be likewiseembodied in various devices of other shapes or constructions.

" "Referring to the drawings, a designates the door, and b the doorframe or casing, to which the'door is hinged at c. To the door-frame isattached a bracket d, having projecting lugs c, with socketed innerfaces for the reception of the ball-like end f of the arm g, whichlatter has a ball-and-socket connection with ah arm it, said arm 9 beingformed in two parts adjustably connected together.

t' is a casing secured to the door and in which are inclosed theordinary spring-receiving chamber and the cylindrical chamber for theliquid. The springj has one end connected to the shaft 7.: and the otherto the casing or spring barrel, so that when the door is opened it will,through the medium of the arm h, which is attached to the shaft 70, andthe arm g, close it as Soon as the door is allowed to swing freely. Theshaft is provided with a crank Z, connected by a link to with a pistonm, adapted toslide back and forth in the'cylindrical portion of thecasing.

The casing is provided with ducts and valves, whereby when the door isopened the liquid in the cylinder may flow freely behind the pistonthrough an enlarged aperture and will have to pass through a restrictedapertion, which may be employed in connectioli,

with the above-described mechanisms, for holding the door in an openposition, but

which may also be used in connection withother devices as well.

The end of the cylinder is provided with a cap it, through which a screw0 is threaded, said screw passing through a suitable stuffingbox securedto the cap and having'a head 19. The inner end of the screw is providedwith or formed intoa pin, on which is secured a frusto-conical disk g byupsetting the metal of the pin. The disk might be described as having abeveled edge 1' and may be secured to the screw in any other desiredway, it and the screw constituting an abutment.

To the end of the piston m, which is apertured, is secured a splitrings, having a beveled inner edge 25 corresponding to the beveled edgeof the disk q, said ring being slightly smaller in internal diameterthan the diameter of the said disk and constituting a spring to graspthe latter, for a purpose to be set forth. The ring is held against theend of the piston by pins to, passing through enlarged apertures Utherein, so that the ends thereof may be separated, while at the sametime it is secured firmly to the piston.

It will be observed from Figs. 2, 3, 6, and 7 that when the door isopened at about an angle of ninety degrees the shaft is has been givenone-half of a rotation, so that the crank has moved through an arc ofabout one hundred and eighty degrees. This has caused the piston tobemoved to the other end of the cylinder. Hence when the abutment hasbeen properly adjusted on opening the door through an arc of ninetydegrees until the parts assume the positions illustrated in Figs. 3 and7 the pivot-pin Z will have moved slightly past a dead-center with thepivot-pin w and the shaft or crank Z, as shown in dotted lines in Fig.7, and upon letting the door partially and slowly close until the twopivot-pins Z and w and the axis of the crank are almost at adead-center, as shown in full lines in said last-mentioned-figure, thespring 3 engages the abutment and holdsthe piston against being returnedto its original position,

since they neutralize the action of the doorclosing springj, whereuponthe door will remain at rest. The spring 3 and the abutment hold thelink and crank from being moved past a dead-center unless considerableforce be employed to close the door. Immediately, however, upon movingthe door but a very small distance untilthe parts are past a deadcenterand the spring or split ring is free from the disk the spring j willcause the rotation of the shaft 70 and the closing of the door.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I employ a curved spring 3 in place of the split ringor spring .9 and am able to dispense with the beveled disk. In thisevent the spring s bears directly against an abutment formed by the pint on the end of the screw with sufiicient force to hold the parts justbeyond a dead-center and prevent the doorfrom closing. The spring isprovided with slots u to receive screws 1), by which it-is secured tothe piston.

It will be understood that the spring and abutment might bereversed-that is to say, the spring could as well be secured to the endwall or cap of the cylinder and the abutment be secured to the end ofthe piston-and hence I do not limit myself to the exact position ofeither.

It may be here stated that the crank moves through an arc of one hundredand eighty degrees when the door has been opened about ninety degreesand that the. further movement of the door toward open position causesthe further rotation of the crank-shaft and a reverse movement of thepiston, so that as soon as the door is released the door-closing springcauses the reverse rotation of the crank and the closing of the doorunless the abutment and the spring 8 are allowed to be slowly engaged.If, however, the door gain considerable momentum in closing, theabutment and spring 5 will not neutralize it and the door will beclosed.

Having thus explained the nature of my invention and described a way ofconstructing and using the same, although without attempting to setforth all the ways'in which it may be made or all the modes of its use,I declare that what I claim is. Y

1. In a door-checking device, the combination with door-closing means,mechanism for checking the momentum of the door-closing movement of thedoor, and a casing for inclosing the first-mentioned elements, of anabutment on the casing, and a spring mounted on the checking mechanismand coacting with the abutment, for holding the door-closing meansagainst movement.

2. In a door-checking device, the combination with a door-closingspring, and a piston located in a cylinder and connected with thespring, of an abutment and a spring, one of the two elements lastmentioned being connected with the piston and the other being arrangedin its path, for holding the closingspring against movement.

3. .In a door-checking device, the combination with a door-closingspring, a shaft operated by the spring, a crank on the shaft and apiston operatively connected with the crank, of a yielding stopconstructed and arranged to permit the crank to revolve past the centerline of its connectionwith the piston, and

IIO

hold it there against the force of the doorclosing spring. 7

4:. In a door-closing device, in combination, a door-closing spring, acrank operated by the spring, and mechanism for temporarily holding thecrank against the impulse of the spring and thereby preventing the samefrom closing the door until the crank is released.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of IO two subscribing Witnesses, this 29th day of August, A. D.1896.

FREDERIG T. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

JOHN E. RUssELL, WILLIAM F. WATE BURY.

